» Lives (Index)» Research Abbreviations

Cumbrian Lives Abbreviations

Many of the entries on the Lives (Index) have sources given as an abbreviation.  Please consult this list to elucidate each one.

  • AC = Annals of Cartmel (J Stockdale, 1872)
  • ACM = Appleby Grammar School (E Hinchcliffe, 1974)
  • AHC = Ancient House of Curwen (JF Curwen, 1928)
  • AK = Annals of Kendal (Cornelius Nicholson, 1861)
  • AKL = Annals of Kirkby Lonsdale (A Pearson, 1930)
  • AL = Armitt Library
  • AJH = At Lakeland’s Heart (John M Carnie, 2002)
  • AoH = Antiquary on Horseback (Jane M Ewbank, 1963)
  • AWL = Armorial Westmorland & Lonsdale (Boumfrey and Hudleston, 1975)
  • BC = The Braithwaite Clan (GE Braithwaite, 1974)
  • BCC = Brougham Castle, Cumbria (H Summerson, 1998)
  • BDBA = Biographical Dictionary of British Architects (H Colvin, 2nd ed 1978)
  • BEDB = Burke’s Extinct and Dormant Baronetage (J and B Burke, 1841; new edns incl 2009)
  • BGN = Bishop Gastrell’s Notitia 1714-1725, The Cumbria Parishes, 1998
  • BHVS = Burneside: History of the Village School (S Shiels, 2010)
  • BLG = Burke’s Landed Gentry (Burke, edns to 1906)
  • BP = Burke’s Peerage (Burke, edns to 1970)
  • BPP = British Parliamentary Papers
  • BR = Beetham Repository (W Hutton, 1770)
  • BSW = Black Sheep of Windermere (D Kinsman, 2001)
  • CC = Coniston Copper (E Holland, 1986)
  • CC (AH) = Cumbrian Characters (exhibition of famous people of the Lake District, Abbot Hall, Kendal, 1968)
  • CCD = Crockford’s  Clerical Directory (1858, now online)
  • CCEd = Clergy of the Church of England database
  • CCL = Cameos of Crosthwaite and Lythe (P Bownass et al, 2002)
  • CCM = Cleator and Cleator Moor Past and Present (Caesar Caine, 1998)
  • CCR = Charity Commission Report 1835
  • Census (1841, 1851, 1861, 1871, 1881, 1891, 1901, 1911)
  • CFH = Cumberland Families and Heraldry (Hudleston and Boumfrey, 1968)
  • CGD = Cumberland Guide and Directory (Jollie, 1811)
  • CH = Church at Heversham (RK Bingham, 1987)
  • CI = Cumberland Iron (A Harris, 1970)
  • CL = Country Life
  • CuL = Cumbria Life magazine
  • CM = Chronicles of Milnthorpe (RK Bingham, 1987)
  • CN = Cumberland News
  • CNSG = Church Notes of Sir Stephen Glynne (LAS Butler, 2011)
  • CoG = Church of Grasmere (M Armitt, 1912)
  • CP = Cumberland Pacquet
  • CPP = Cartmel, People and Priory (S Taylor, 1955)
  • CRA = Journal of Cumbrian Railways Association
  • CRL = Cumberland Rugby League: 100 Greats (R Gate, 2002)
  • CTF = Clement Taylor of Finsthwaite Account Book 1712-1753 (RSLC, 135)
  • CW = Cumbria at War 1939-1945 (R Mansergh, 2019)
  • CWAAS = Cumberland & Westmorland Archaeological and Antiquarian Soc
  • CW1 = CWAAS Transactions 1874-1900
  • CW2 = CWAAS Transactions 1901-2000
  • CW3 = CWAAS Transactions 2001to date
  • CWH = Cumberland and Westmorland Herald
  • CWHS = Cumbria Wesley History Society
  • CWMP = Cumb and Westm MPs (RS Ferguson et al, 1871)
  • CWN = CWAAS Newsletter
  • DBS = Dictionary of British Sculptors (Gunnis, 1953, 1968, I Roscoe, new rev edn 2009)
  • DEB = Dictionary of Edwardian Biography (ed.WT Pike, repr 1983-7)
  • DH = Whitehaven: A Short History (Daniel Hay, 1966)
  • DIF = Diary of Isaac Fetcher (AJL Winchester, 1994)
  • DKK = Reminiscences of Kendal (DKK, 1890 new edn H W Duncan, 2009)
  • DTC = Diary of Thomas Crosfield (FS Boas ed,1935)
  • ECW = Ejected of C and W (B Nightingale, 2009)
  • EIIF – Early Iron Industry of Furness (A Fell, 1908)
  • EWMP = Early Westmorland MPs 1258-1327 (GHSL Washington, 1959)
  • EWNL = Edward Wilson of Nether Levens (RP Brown, 1930)
  • F1 = The Fothergills: A First History (R Fothergill, 1998)
  • F2 = The Fothergills: A Second History (R Fothergill, 2001)
  • FAO = Foster Alumni Oxford (J Foster, 1891)
  • FF = Feet of Fines, Cumberland (JP Steel, 1929)
  • FFF = Furness Folk and Facts (W White, 1930)
  • FFHS = Furness Family History Society Newsletter
  • FFW = A Few Furness Worthies (R Casson, 1889)
  • FiO = Flemings in Oxford (SH Le Fleming, 1904; repr 2014)
  • FLD = Folk Lore of the Lake District (M Rowling, 1976)
  • FR = Furness Railway 1846-1923 (W McGowan Gradon, 1946)
  • GASW = Great Age of Steam on Windermere (GH Pattinson, 1981)
  • GDM = Grove’s Dictionary of Music and Musicians
  • GEC = Complete Peerage (GE Cokayne, 1982)
  • GFN = Grand Fashionable Nights (M Eddershaw, 1989)
  • GHC = Greater Houses in Cumbria (G Beard, 1978)
  • GiC = Gypsum in Cumbria (I Tyler, 2000)
  • GM = Gentleman’s Magazine
  • GMC = Gunpowder Mills of Cumbria (I Tyler, 2002)
  • GPK = Greater Parish of Kendal (J Hodgkinson, 2002)
  • GPR = Greystoke Parish Registers (AM McClean, 1911)
  • Green Man = The Green Man of Preston Patrick Church (PJY Lucas, 2012)
  • HABSF = The Household Book of sarah Fell (ed Norman Penney, 1920)
  • HC = History of Cumberland (W Hutchinson, 1794)
  • HCS = History of Casterton School (G Sale, 1983)
  • HoD = The Hasells of Dalemain 1736-1794 (F Wilkins, 2003)
  • HF = A Short History of The Heelis Family (1979)
  • HoP = History of Parliament
  • HP = History of Penrith (J Walker, 1858)
  • HPC= History of Penrith Church (D Scott, 1922)
  • HPCB = History of the Parish Church of Burneside (E Bingham, 2012)
  • HPT = History of Parish of Tunsatll (WH Chippindall, 1940)
  • HS = Heversham: The History of a Westm Sch and Village (DR Humber, 1969)
  • HSC = Hawkshead (HS Cowper, 1899)
  • HUD (C) = Cumberland Armorial (Hudleston, 1968)
  • HUD (W) = Westmorland and Lonsdale Armorial (Hudleston, 1975)
  • HW = A History of Wigton (TW Carrick, 1949, repr 1992)
  • HWC = History of Whittington (WH Chippindall, 1938)
  • IALC = Industrial Archaeology of the Lake Counties (JD Marshal and M Davies-Shiel, 1969)
  • IRW = Quakers of Kendal 1714-1785 (Isaac and Rachel Wilson, 1924)
  • IwH = Ings with Hugill, A Westmorland Village  (E and S Crookenden, 1993)
  • JC = The Leaves We Write On (J Cropper, 2004)
  • JCMB = James Cropper and Memories of Burneside (Jones and Willinck, 1945)
  • JD = John Denton’s History of Cumberland (ed Ferguson 1887, new edn 2010)
  • JHBH = John Harden of Brathay Hall (D Foskett, 1974)
  • JP = John Peel (H Machell, 1926)
  • KBR = Kendal Book of Record (Farrer and Curwen, 1924)
  • KC = Keswick Characters (E Foot and P Howell, 3 vols, 2006-7)
  • KFF = Kendal Fell Farers (R Atkinson et al, 1910)
  • KHS = History of Kendal High School (MS Morris, 1991)
  • KK = Kirkbie-Kendall (JF Curwen, 1900)
  • KMT = Kendal Mercury and Times
  • K150 = K Shoes 150 Years (S Crookenden, 1992)
  • LAC = Lady Anne Clifford (RT Spence, 1997)
  • LALD = Literary Associations of Lancaster and District (TC Hughes, 1929)
  • LAR = John Ruskin and Lakeland Arts Revival 1880-1920 (S Haslam, 2004)
  • LC = Lakes Chronicle
  • LCP = Lake Country Portraits (HAL Rice, 1967)
  • LanC – Lanercost Cartulary (J Todd, 1997)
  • LDD = Lancaster Diocesan Directory
  • LDF = Lake District Folk (WR Mitchell, 2015)
  • LF = Lowther Family (H Owen, 1990)
  • LG = London Gazette
  • LaG = Lancaster Gazette
  • LiL = Life in Lakeland (TFBuntin, 1993)
  • LL = Lakeland Lives (P Hoyte, 2011)
  • LM = Lonsdale Magazine (the North Lonsdale Magazine (4 vols ed Rev LR Ayre, 1894-1902)
  • LMW = Labour Movement in Westmorland (D Clark, 2012)
  • LRNW = Later Records of North Westmorland (JF Curwen, 1932)
  • LPR = Lancashire Pipe Rolls (W Farrer, 1902)
  • LTLD = Life and Tradition in the Lake District (W Rollinson, 1974)
  • LVTT = Lakeland Valley Through Time (Staveley) (J Scott ed., 1995)
  • LW = Lancashire Worthies (F Espinasse, 1877)
  • LWO = The Leaves We Write On (M Cropper, 2004)
  • MADC = Miscellany Accounts of the Diocese of Carlisle (Bp Nicholson) (G Bell, 1877)
  • MH = Artists of Cumbria (Marshall Hall, 1979)
  • MOK = Memories of Old Kendal (J O’Connor, 1961)
  • MoN = Men of the North (RC Shaw, 1972)
  • NA = Natural Awakenings (I D Hodgkinson, 2020)
  • NAFM = Notes on the Ancient Family of Musgrave (P Musgrave, 1912)
  • NESS = Northern England and Southern Scotland in the Central Middle Ages (Stringer and Winchester, 2017)
  • NLM = North Lonsdale Magazine (4 vols ed Rev LR Ayre, 1894-1902)
  • ODNB = Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
  • ONK = Older Nonconformity in Kendal (F Nicholson, 1915)
  • PENN = Penningtonia (J Foster, 1878)
  • PoC = People of Cartmel (JC Dickinson, 1991)
  • PPLC = Prelates and People of the Lake Counties (CML Bouch, 1948)
  • PPLH = Persons and Places in Langdale History (AH Sykes, 2005)
  • PSE = Provincial Society and Empire: The Cumbrian Counties and the East Indies, 1680-1829 (KJ Saville-Smith, 2018)
  • RC = Rose Castle (J Wilson, 1912)
  • RCC = Round Carlisle Cross (JW Brown, 1929), several volumes
  • RCHM = Royal Commission of Historical Monuments, Cumberland (1936)
  • RCHM = Royal Commission of Historical Monuments, Westmorland (1936)
  • RL = Register of Landowners (1871)
  • RM= The Rock Men: Pioneers of Lakeland Geology (ed R Alan Smith, 2001)
  • RP/CP = Records/Chronicles of Patterdale (WP Morris, 2016)
  • RPSB = Register of the Priory of St Bees (J Wilson, 1915)
  • RPW = Register of the Priory of Wetheral (Prescott, 1897)
  • RS = Rolls Series
  • RSLC = Record Society of Lancashire and Cheshire
  • SBD = Shappe in Bygone Days (Joseph Whiteside, 1904)
  • SEW = In the Shadow of the Eagle’s Wing (P Connon, 1982)
  • SF = Household Account Book of Sarah Fell (N Penney, 2012)
  • SGDC = Stained Glass of Diocese of Carlisle (LNS Smith, 1994)
  • SGNT = Savage Grandeur and Noblest Thoughts (Powell and Hebron, 2010)
  • SH = Sedbergh Historian, Sedbergh History Society annual journals
  • SLD = Story of the Lakeland Diocese 1933-1966 (K Harper, 1966)
  • SNC = Some Notable Cumbrians (Sir Frederick Chances, 1931)
  • SoL = A Survey of the Lakes (James Clarke, 2nd ed 1789)
  • SoS = Stricklands of Sizergh (Henry Horneyold, 1928)
  • SSC = Salkelds through Seven Centuries (JG Moore, 1987)
  • SSR = Sedbergh School Register 1546-1895 (B Wilson, 1895)
  • TC = Trinity College, Cambridge Admissions (Ball and Venn, 1913)
  • TCAALS = Transactions of Cumberland Assoc for Advancement of Lit and Sci
  • TD = Thomas Denton: A Perambulation of Cumberland 1687-1688 (Winchester and Wane, 2003)
  • TGPE = Tinkers, Potters, Gypsies and Eccentrics (George Stewart, 2011)
  • THSLC = Transactions of Historic Society of Lancs and CheshireTLCAS = Transactions of  Lancs and Cheshire Antiq Soc
  • TLCAS = Transactions of Lancs and Chesh Antiq Soc
  • TWT = Wordsworth’s Hawkshead (TW Thompson, 1970)
  • VAC = Venn Alumni Cantab
  • VPCW = Visitation Pedigrees of C and W (ed Joseph Foster)
  • VVL = Vikings and Victorian Lakeland (M Townsend, 2009)
  • WA = Westmorland Advertiser
  • WC = Worthies of Cumberland (H Lonsdale, 1867)
  • WCC = West Cumberland Coal (O Wood, 1998)
  • WCL = West Cumberland Leaders (E Gaskell)
  • WCN = Westmorland Church Notes (E Bellasis, 1888)
  • WCT = West Cumberland Times
  • WDC = Cumbriana (W Dickinson, 1876)
  • WDW = W and D Wordsworth (L Newlyn, 2013)
  • WFDB = Walter Fletcher’s Diocesan Book 1814-1845 (ed J Platt, SS 219 and CW XXII)
  • WG = Wesmorland Gazette
  • WH = Whitehaven Herald
  • WHC = Whellan, History of Cumberland (W Whellan, 1860)
  • WHWK = Wilson of High Wray and Kendal (J Foster pedigree, 1871)
  • WK = Websters of Kendal: An Architectural Dynasty (A Taylor and J Martin (ed) 2004)
  • WL = Westmorland Lives
  • WN = Whitehaven News
  • WNB = Westmorland Note Book (Gill and Stock, 1888-9)
  • WRM = Where Rise the Mountains (HAL Rice, 1969)
  • WT = Wordsworth Trust
  • WW = Worthies of Westmorland (G Atkinson, new edn 2015)
  • WoW = Wings of Windermere (A King, 2009)
  • WWW = Who Was Who
  • YAJ = Yorkshire Archaeological Jounral
  • YE = The Yellow Earl (D Sutherland, 1965)
  • YoK = The Yards of Kendal (T Hughes and AR Nicholls, 2017)
  • 1871 = Register of Landowners